The UK's Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) has adopted regulations to implement portions of the European Union's Reinsurance Directive that are designed in part to facilitate the expedited formation and management of special-purpose vehicles, which may be used for securitizations or other forms of alternative risk transfer arrangements. The proposals were described in a Consultation Paper, CP06/12, Implementing the Reinsurance Directive, which was published in June 2006 with a summary and a description of the Consultation Paper in a newsletter publication. A comment period followed. Rules were adopted by the FSA effective December 31, 2006. Special-purpose vehicle Rules and Guidelines may be found in the FSA's Handbook.
Reinsurance Transactions
Allianz issues cat bond covering flood risks
Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty has issued a $150 million cat bond to transfer the risks of severe river floods in Great Britain and earthquakes in Canada and the United States (excluding California). See various descriptions of this bond. This is believed to be the first cat bond covering flood risks, and was written on a parametric basis, using a model prepared by Risk Management Solutions. This is the first bond issued using Blue Wings Ltd., a Cayman Islands-based special purpose vehicle, and is intended to be the first part of a $1 billion program.
Non-legislative reinsurance market developments
Apart from legislative activity in the area of cat funds and cat risk reinsurance, there have been three recent items of interest with respect to alternative reinsurance arrangements:
- Hanover Re, which has been very active in securitizing reinsurance risks, has securitized reinsurance recoverables valued at approximately $1 billion, to accelerate the cash flow in that area;
- The World Bank has created a regional catastrophe risk insurance pool that is currently covering 18 Caribbean countries. Two press releases describe the pool and the initial funding for the pool, which will purchase reinsurance in the private market. A detailed report available at the World Bank's Internet site provides additional detail;
- Guy Carpenter & Company and MMC Securities Corp. has issued a detailed report titled The Catastrophe Bond Market at Year-End 2006, providing an annual review of the catastrophe bond market and an update on bond transaction activity and market dynamics. It provides interesting descriptions of different kinds of alternative risk transfer mechanisms, such as catastrohe bonds, side cars, and extreme mortality transactions, with listings of transactions in each category.
Securities fraud putative class action against MBIA dismissed
Having settled with the SEC over charges relating to allegedly fraudulent reinsurance transactions, MBIA may be finding closure on the civil side of that problem. Relying on a 1991 Supreme Court decision stating that litigation under Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 must be commenced “within one year after the discovery of the facts constituting the violation and within three years after such a violation,” a District Court has dismiss a securities fraud putative class action against MBIA as time-barred. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated securities fraud class action alleging that MBIA’s financial statements were materially misstated because MBIA improperly treated a series of transactions in 1998 as reinsurance agreements, and the associated proceeds as income, although they were in fact disguised loans. In re MBIA Inc. Securities Litigation, Case No. 05-3514 (USDC S.D.N.Y. Feb. 14, 2007).
Hannover Re issues $106 million cat securitization
Hannover Re has issued a $160 million securitization of catastrophe risks. Hannover described the issue as the completion of its “K3” transaction, being composed of a variety of non-proportional reinsurance of natural perils (hurricanes and earthquakes in the United States, windstorms in Europe and earthquakes in Japan) and worldwide aviation business.