In a September 22, 2006 post to this blog, we reported on a judgment entered by the UK Commercial Court for damages arising out of a commission addendum entered into by a reinsurer's employee, without authorization from his employer, and a reinsurance intermediary, which provided for an additional “commission” to the intermediary in the amount of 40% of the gross premiums collected for reinsurance placed pursuant to a binder. At a trade conference in the US, an underwriter for the reinsurer made disparaging statements about the intermediary and its US affiliate, and the US affiliate filed suit, inter alia, for damages for breach of contract, interference and defamation. The US Court stayed the prosecution of a breach of contract claim, since it was the subject of the UK action, and granted the reinsurer summary judgment on the remaining claims. Part of the basis for the ruling was a determination that the UK trial court’s judgment amounted to a finding that the European affiliate of the intermediary had defrauded the reinsurer, which carried the reinsurer’s burden to prove the defense that the allegedly defamatory statements were true. Risk Insur. and Reinsur. Solutions v. R + V Versicherung, Case No. 04-61119 (USDC S.D. Fla. June 7, 2007).
Brokers / Underwriters
England Court of Appeals Denies Request to Reopen Case Upon Allegation of Fraud, Asserting Lack of Jurisdiction
This case involves claims by Lloyds names against Lloyds, alleging that they had been misled by misrepresentations by Lloyds of its syndicate auditing and operational controls into becoming members of Lloyds syndicates. The names later suffered serious financial losses with respect to asbestos claims. The names lost the case, but then discovered additional evidence which they contended demonstrated that the judge had been misled by Lloyds. The issue before the court was whether the England and Wales Court of Appeals had jurisdiction to reopen a case upon an allegation that the Court had been misled by a party’s evidence and by fraud. The applicants, who were names at the Society of Lloyds, asserted that under the jurisprudence of Taylor v. Lawrence, 2003 QB 528, the Court had authority to reopen the case.
The Court disagreed, noting that, unlike the present case, Taylor v. Lawrence concerned misconduct by a court in that the judge was said to have been biased. Taylor v. Lawrence did not contain authority for extending the recognition of jurisdiction to reopen an appeal on the grounds of bias to a case where the allegation was not that the court had misbehaved, but that the court had been misled by one of the parties. The court cited authority directly denying the existence of jurisdiction in the latter case, providing that the proper remedy was to bring a collateral action to set aside the judgment allegedly obtained by fraud. Jaffray v. The Society of Lloyds, [2007] EWCA Civ 586 (June 20, 2007).
Seventh Circuit Finds Illinois’ ‘Insurance Producers Limitations Act’ Does Not Apply to Reinsurance Intermediaries
This case arose out of reinsurance agreements between BCS and a third party, Insurance Specialists. The agreements were negotiated by BCS’ former reinsurance intermediary, Guy Carpenter & Company Inc. (“Guy Carpenter”). BCS alleged that Guy Carpenter failed to obtain adequate reinsurance for BCS and that Guy Carpenter’s actions resulted in an arbitration award against BCS in favor of its London reinsurers, exceeding $4.8 million dollars.
The district court granted summary judgment for Guy Carpenter, finding that five of the six claims asserted by BCS fell within the purview of the Illinois Insurance Producers Limitations Act (IPLA) and were barred by IPLA’s two-year statute of limitations. The district court also granted summary judgment for Guy Carpenter on the sixth claim, for implied indemnity, because BCS was unable to show it was derivatively liable in the arbitration for Guy Carpenter’s actions.
In a de novo review, the Seventh Circuit reversed the district court’s finding that five of BCS’ claims were governed by IPLA. Relying on briefing from the Illinois Attorney General, the Court concluded that “IPLA does not apply to reinsurance intermediaries and therefore does not govern the disputed agreements between BCS and Guy Carpenter.” The Seventh Circuit affirmed the district court’s finding that BCS failed to state a claim for implied indemnity because BCS failed to demonstrate that its liability resulted solely from the actions of Guy Carpenter. BCS Ins. Co. v. Guy Carpenter & Co. Inc., No. 06-1050 (7th Cir. June 18, 2007).
Benfield sues Aon over unpaid commissions for reinsurance placements
Benfield, a reinsurance broker/intermediary, has sued Aon Re, seeking over $2.4 million in damages for unpaid commissions for the placement of five reinsurance treaties for St. Paul Companies. The Complaint alleges that St. Paul moved its brokerage business from Benfield to Aon during the term of the reinsurance placed by Benfield, and that after the move, Benfield did not receive any further commission payments, even though Aon collected premiums under the treates that Benfield had placed. The Complaint alleges that regardless of how premiums are paid, the commission is earned upon the placement of the treaties. Benfield v. Aon Re, Case No. 07-2218 (USDC D. Minn. May 8, 2007).
Law review articles relating to reinsurance
Three articles were recently published in law reviews and journals relating to reinsurance:
- Health care reform – In The Present and Future of Government-Funded Reinsurance, 51 St. Louis U. L. J. 369 (Winter 2007), John Jacobi, a professor at Seton Hall Law School, contends that government-funded reinsurance could play a valuable role in incremental health care reform.
- Reinsurance intermediaries – In Reinsurance Intermediaries: law and litigation, 29 U. Haw. L. Rev. 59 (Winter 2006), Douglas Richmond, a Senior Vice President with Aon Risk Services, analyzes the duties and potential liabilities of reinsurance intermediaries using fairly traditional agency concepts.
- Hedge funds – In The Utility of Hedge Funds: an alternative to traditional reinsurance, 49 For The Defense 32 (April 2007), practitioners James Somers and Katie Lewis Bordeau offer a general description of the participation of hedge funds in the reinsurance market. Although the title of the article describes hedge funds as an “alternative” to reinsurance, the text really describes hedge funds as a source of capital for vehicles such as side cars.